163 : Prelim-2021 In future, it might be used for fullfilling the energy requirements of US manufacturing industry. They inject a mixture of water, chemicals and sands into the well at very high pressure. Shale Gas is found in the area of Cambay basin. Your email address will not be published. Shale gas—an “unconventional” source of methane, like coal-bed gas (in coal seams) and tight gas (trapped in rock formations) It is Colourless, odourless, lighter than air. Gas shales are organic-rich shale formations. GK: Gazprom is Russia’s huge state-run gas producer and supplier of 25% of Europe’s gas. It is colourless, odourless gas, lighter than air. That was good enough for the needs of the nation for 29 years, it was said. This webpage has been developed to answer the many questions that people have about shale gas and hydraulic fracturing (or fracking). How is it formed? Shale gas is natural gas formed from being trapped within shale formations. It is also pre- requisite … Continue reading "INDIA’S ENERGY SECURITY: OIL AND GAS … Suggesting, a detailed booklist will… Current Affairs, GK & News related notes on Shale gas topic for UPSC, Civil Services, Banking and other Competitive Examinations of India. They are found at 2,500-5,000 metres below the earth’s surface. Shales are fine-grained sedimentary rocks that can be rich sources of petroleum and natural gas. Best current affairs & GK article on Shale gas Tight gas sands, Shale gas, sync gas, coal bed methane. Shale gas is natural gas formed from being trapped within shale formations. To construct Gas pipelines, you’ve to spend millions of $$ per km. Krishna-Godavari Basin Select the correct answer using the code given below. Shales are fine-grained sedimentary rocks that can be rich resources of petroleum and natural gas. Download FREE June 2020 IE Magazine PDF for UPSC Mains Preparation! That was good enough for the needs of the nation for 29 years, it was said. Therefore, Shale gas not traded in international-commodity market unlike coal or crude oil. Can you please give me that link. Shale Gas is the gas trapped in the sedimentary shale rock formations. Our Indian estimate is that India hass around 527 tcf of shale gas reserve. But In America, Shale Gas use already began. In India, abundant coalbed methane sources exist, but so far no shale gas sources have been found. Subsequent sedimentation and the resultant heat and pressure transformed the mud into shale and also produced natural gas from the organic matter contained in it. Shale gas extraction isn't a priority in India since lots of area is needed, water quantity is high and Guar gum supply needed but it will affect the price of this commodity. The information provided below explains the basics, including what shale gas is, where it’s found, why it’s important, how it’s produced, and challenges associated with production. We’ve shortage of water even for drinking and irrigation, so diverting water for shale-gas exploration, will prove to be tough, especially given the judicial activism and PILs in India. 245 : Mains-2021, © Copyright 2009-2019 Mrunal Patel, Gujarat, India | All Rights Reserved, [Environment] Shale Gas: Advantages and limitations as an Energy source, “[Environment] Shale Gas: Advantages and limitations as an Energy source”. 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Gas prices in different parts of the world are set by quite different mechanisms, they vary wildly across the world. -7 : Mains-2020 It is unconventional source of methane, like coal-bed gas (in coal seams) and tight gas (trapped in rock formations). 1. The state-owned company says the discovery, on 25 January in the Barn Measure shale, West Bengal, happened after extensive studies were carried out on basins across the country. and 'shale gas', consider the following statements : 1. 1B, Second Floor,Pusa Road, Karol Bagh,New Delhi - 110005(Beside Karol Bagh Metro Station Gate No. Gas hydrates are also important for seafloor stability studies, because “melting” gas hydrate may cause seafloor “landslides”. Statement 1, propane and butane only. It was called “Freemind” (to create mindmaps) Shale gas—an “unconventional” source of methane, like coal-bed gas (in coal seams) and tight gas (trapped in rock formations). Shale gas is extracted by pumping high quantities of chemicals, water and sand into dense shale rock formations to release gas that is then pumped to the surface. It is called Unconventional Hydrocarbons because when compared to conventional hydrocarbons (coal, petroleum, natural gas at 1500 m), Shale gas and oil are usually found at depths of about 2500-5000 m. Other unconventional hydrocarbons are Coal-bed gas/methane and Tight gas. They are deeper in comparison to conventional crude oil found at 1,500 metres. The US Energy Information Administration estimated that India held 38 trillion cubic feet of proven natural gas reserves. Guar gum is too costly. The US Energy Information Administration estimated that India held 38 trillion cubic feet of proven natural gas reserves. Shale gas—an “unconventional” source of methane, like coal-bed gas (in coal seams) and tight gas (trapped in rock formations) Energy Information Administration of the USA predicts that by 2035, more than 45% of US Natural gas supply will come from shale gas. For example: in Polity Lakxmikant will be helpful mainly for prelims. India’s energy security is a critical issue and its economy and even foreign relations are substantially affected by its dependence upon imported crude oil. Shale gas is natural gas so would contain methane also plus impurities ; 2nd statement – no shale resources, again wrong. In India Scientists identify 28 basins where production of shale gas can start in five years; In Europe shale gas isnot used because of green rules and limited property rights. This is one area where USA is far ahead of us, we’ve much to learn from them. Led by new applications of hydraulic fracturing technology and horizontal drilling, development of new sources of shale gas has offset declines in production from conventional gas reservoirs, and has led to major increases in reserves of US natural gas. Oil requirement in future will be significantly higher, because of growth in economy and in turn growing consumption of households and industry. Only sweeping, red flag, pause and think. Give a brief description of the distribution and characteristics of the grasslands of the world. 184 : IEnggS-2021 Laxmi Vilas Palace, Vadodara is constructed since the Gaekwad, a prominent Maratha family. With references to organic farming in India, consider the following statements: ‘The National Programme for Organic Production’ (NPOP) is operated under the guidelines and … ONGC has explored “unlimited reserves” of shale gas at sarpi on outskirts of durgapur(west bengal) in damodar basin. It is unconventional source of methane, like coal-bed gas (in coal seams) and tight gas (trapped in rock formations). Obviously wrong. alternatively, we can transport shale gas in liquid form, like LNG. Shale gas. To extract shale gas, companies employ “fracking” or “hydraulic fracturing” process. The Somnath temple of Gujarat, India, is believed to be the first among the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines of Shiva. 44 : IFS(M)-2020 China is estimated to … Horizontal drilling began in the 1930s, and in 1947 a well was first fracked in the U.S.. Federal price controls on natural gas led to shortages in the 1970s. Shale gas requires hydraulic fracking method for extraction. Cambay Basin 2. 2. Ans . land acquisition problems, especially where Union and State governments are ruled by different political parties. This creates numerous cracks in the shale rocks and thus entrapped gas is released. Issues with Gas Hydrates Extraction | UPSC – IAS. Experimental Usage as fuel for trucks, lorries and buses. (UPSC CSAT 2016) 1 and 2 only. Shale gas can be a solution for the rising energy requirements for a fast-growing economy like India. In which of the following regions of India are shale gas resources found? Oil prices jumped by close to 10% for its biggest daily gain in almost six months after news of a highly effective vaccine against COVID-19 and Saudi Arabia’s assurance that an OPEC+ oil output deal could be adjusted to balance the market. 1. In Europe shale gas is not used because of environmental rules and limited property rights. This is called fracking. Shale Gas Shale gas refers to natural gas that is trapped within shale formations due to their low permeability and cannot escape to the surface as easily as Conventional Natural Gas. 23 : CDS 2021-I (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Days Left Utilisation of domestic shale gas can support India’s growing energy demands besides reducing dependence on expensive energy imports. [VIDEO] GS1 GS2, GS3, GS4 & ESSAY ANALYSIS – UPSC MAINS 2020 by IASbaba -> ... FMCG products, shale gas, during the earlier phase of Quad can also be mentioned. It is cheaper than natural gas, releases 50% less CO2, hence better source for generating electricity. Shale Gas – Shale Gas Formation Shales are fine-grained sedimentary rocks formed of organic-rich mud at the bottom of ancient seas. 2018 – Geography questions in UPSC Prelims. 205 : CAPF-2021 The extraction process of shale gas involves two methods:- Under this technique a vertical well is drilled to the targeted rock formation and then at the desired depth, the drill bit is turned horizontally, exposing the well to more of the producing shale. SubscribeEnvironment9 Comments8 years Ago, Ref.:http://www.economist.com/node/21558432. It has no global price comparision platform. D In this technique, water along with chemicals and sand are pumped into the well and a fracture or crack is developed in the shale rock to release the hydrocarbons trapped in shale formations to flow from the shale into the well… Shale-gas is cheaper than gas, releases 50% less CO. Shale gas power stations are safer than nuclear reactors and cheaper than renewables sources such as solar electricity cell. Required fields are marked *. Union Cabinet has approved policy framework to permit exploration and exploitation of unconventional hydrocarbons such as Shale oil/gas, Coal Bed Methane (CBM) etc. SYNOPSIS [5th NOVEMBER,2020] Day 22: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies) 1. Ltd. All Rights Reserved, CULTURE OF NORTH EAST: folk dances/festivals, Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA), Microorganisms for Environmental Management, Project Sagarmala for development of Port Infrastructure, Adaptations made for survival in Tropical Region, Adaptations made for survival in Tundra Biome, Namami Gange: National Mission for Clean Ganga, Green Buildings and their rating system in India, Terminologies associated with ecological organisation, Terminologies associated with Mobile technology, Hydroponics: Hi-tech Form of agriculture practice, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). 1, 2 and 3 . Shale gas also provides feedstock for the petrochemicals industry, which is turned into plastics, fertiliser and other useful stuff. It is colourless, odourless gas, lighter than air. shale gas extraction is natural gas produced from shale formations (or the gas trapped in clay and Sedimentary rocks beneath). Storage & Transportation = difficult + expensive.. Public sector companies and corporations like ONGC, OIL and GAIL are exploring these sites. It is Colourless, odourless, lighter than air. Many forget that Polity mains syllabus is different from prelims as a result often even rank holders score very average marks in GS paper 2 (Including myself). Besides oil, Gas Authority of India (GAIL) will be bringing in the first cargo of liquefied natural gas from the US to India early next year. [Win20CSP] Mrunal’s Free Economy Update Lecture#7: International Trade, BoP & More in Pillar3, Mrunal Free Live Lecture: IAS Daily Study planner & UPSC FAQs by 1st Attempt Candidates & Launch of Batches for 2021,2022,2023. Sadhu bet – Statue of unity. But due to heavy imports from US shalegas companies, its prices have increased by ten times within a year. The shale oil will be refined at one of IOC’s refineries in Gujarat, Panipat, or Agra. Shale gas was first extracted as a resource in Fredonia, New York, in 1821, in shallow, low-pressure fractures. Shales are fine-grained sedimentary rocks that can be rich sources of petroleum and natural gas. Your email address will not be published. Methane released from gas hydrate may therefore play a significant role in climate change. Hence, there is shortage of Guar-gum, for domestic industries willing to explore shale gas ,but who cannot keep up with the prices offered by Americans. [Download] UPSC Mains-2020 Essay Paper, Including Topicwise last 28 YEARS Essay Question Papers (1993-2020) with booklist, strategy! India is largest producer of Guar gum. The process of extracting shale oil and gas requires deep vertical drilling followed by horizontal drilling. 8), © 2020 Basix Education Pvt. Question was asked in mains 2013. Conventional gas reservoirs are created when natural gas migrates toward the Earth's surface from an organic-rich source. Cauvery Basin 3. I am not asking about FOXIT pdf reader . However, in the second part we need to mention Pivot to Asia, Malabar Drill, CISMOA and … another was “Evernote.” OIL and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) has made India’s first shale-gas discovery. That is around 527 tcf of shale gas reserve. Sources of Shale gas reserves in India are Cambay, Gondwana, Krishna Godavari and Kaveri and Assam - Arakhan. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) == Mixture of butane and propane. It is the statue of Sardar Patel. Shale gas is natural gas formed from being trapped within shale formations. Every aspirant has confusion on which book to follow especially for Mains. Shale gas in the United States is an available source of natural gas. Therefore creates following problems. Faced with declining natural gas production, the federal government invested in many supply alternatives, including … Shale gas refers to natural gas that is trapped within these shale formations. UPSC (IAS) Prelims 2021 exam date is approaching and aspirants must be preparing for the exam in full swing. Not even 33% of the shale gas is traded in interntional market. Sir you posted about a software which helps in making notes. Subject matter falls under Director General of Hydrocarbans (DGH). In India Scientists identify 28 basins where production of shale gas can start in five years; Third was Microsoft OneNote (part of Microsoft Office software), How to read the business page in news papers and economics easily. So it is categorized as Natural Gas. MoU have been signed between USA, and India for sharing technical knowledge in shale-gas exploration. Shale gas and oil are unconventional natural resources. A flexible fuel, can heat homes, run industrial boilers. Shale gas is Difficult to store and transport. Indian companies have contracted close to 8 million barrels of crude oil from the US. Coalbed methane is the pure methane gas extracted from coal seams, while shale gas is a mnixture of propane and butane only that can be extracted from fine-grained sedimentary rocks. Sir , it would be helpfull if you add problems associated with “frauckling technology” for extraction of shale gas.. In terms of its chemical makeup, shale gas is typically a dry gas primarily composed of methane. 2 and 3 only. 3 only. This is Asia’s first and only tapped gas reserves outside north america. Shale gas is natural gas formed from being trapped within shale formations. But such LNG-terminal will also require huge investments. Shale Gas Current Affairs - 2020 OPEC and Russia approve biggest Oil Cuts April 13, 2020 The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and Russia have come together to cut oil output by 10%.